The
Golden
Gate
Bridge links San Francisco with Marin County
in absolute splendor. The bridge is one of the architectural
marvels of the Twentieth Century and a testament to human
strife, as it was constructed during the years of the Great
Depression. For years, the Golden Gate Bridge held the title as
the longest suspension bridge in the world.
Before its completion in 1937, the bridge was considered
impossible to build, due to persistently foggy weather,
60-mile-per-hour winds, and strong ocean currents, which whipped
through a deep canyon below. In fact, the bridge is commonly
known as the "Bridge that couldn't be built." Despite these
unforgiving natural elements, the bridge was constructed in a
little more than four years. The total cost was $35 million. The
total length of the bridge spans 1.2 miles. Eleven men lost
their lives during the construction of the bridge.
Even today, the massive spans of the bridge
are often shrouded in fog. The bridge sways 27 feet to withstand
winds of up to 100 miles per hour. International Orange was the
color chosen for the bridge because it blended well with the
bridge's natural surroundings. The two great cables extending
from the bridge contain 80,000 miles of steel wire, which is
enough to circle the equator three times. The concrete poured to
cement the bridge into the stormy waters below could have also
been used to pave a five-foot sidewalk from
New
York to San Francisco.
Because of the Golden Gate Bridge,
San
Francisco is one of the premier skyline cities
in the nation. It was a triumphant day in the history of the
city when the bridge was completed on May 27, 1937. Over 200,000
people celebrated the grand opening of the Golden Gate Bridge by
walking its length. The following day, a dedication ceremony was
held to officially christen what would become the architectural
trademark of the city. The regular flow of vehicular traffic
began the next day.
Efforts to begin the construction on the bridge began as
early as 1928. The process would entail the efforts of six
counties in
Northern
California. In 1928, the counties formed a
Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District. In 1930, the voters
appropriated a $35 million bond issue to finance the building of
the bridge. For many years following, Joseph Baerman Strauss, a
distinguished engineer, dreamed of raising a span across the
Golden Gate. It was in response to his vision that people first
started saying that the bridge could not be built. But,
amazingly enough, Strauss held fast to his vision, and a span
was eventually raised across the Golden Gate Bridge. The actual
work on the bridge began on January 5, 1933. It was completed
four-and-one-half years later. The result astounded the fiercest
of Strauss's critics. To this day, the bridge is admired for its
magnitude and beauty.
The bridge is nothing short of a powerful force meant to
combat nature. The often mighty winds from the Pacific Ocean are
sustained by a mid span swing of 27 feet. The two
towers of the bridge rise an impressive 746
feet, which is 191 feet taller than the Washington
Monument. The pier of the bridge is only 1,215
feet from the shore, the distance between the two towers that
support the cables, which in turn, support the floor of the
bridge is 4,200 feet. These two cables are the largest bridge
cables ever made at a little over 361 feet in diameter.
Today, pedestrians and bicyclists are still allowed to cross
the bridge on pathways with breathtaking views of the city,
Alcatraz, and the Marin Headlands. The bridge
toll for vehicles is $3 when entering San Francisco.
The first exit of the Marin side of the bridge is Visa Point,
which provides a magnificent view of the San Francisco skyline.
But, the best way to view the bridge is to walk across. This
usually takes about an hour.
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